BPS BPS-Pharmacotherapy問題集

質問 1：
An investigator decides to perform a correlation analysis of the relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and age. Results show a positive correlation between the two, with an r value of 0.50 and ap value for the correlation equal to 0.03. What is the most reasonable interpretation of this correlation?
A. Increased age causes students to Smoke more.
B. Increased age does not cause students to smoke more.
C. There is a statistically significant numerical association between age and amount of smoking.
D. There is no relationship between age and amount of smoking.
正解：C

質問 2：
A 25-year-old man with type 1 diabetes mellitus has recorded the following average blood - glucose concentrations for the past 5 days:

Which of the following changes in his insulin regimen is most appropriate?
A. Increase the evening regular insulin.
B. Increase the morning NPH insulin.
C. Decrease the morning regular insulin.
D. Increase the evening NPH insulin.
正解：B

質問 3：
A pharmacotherapy specialist is evaluating a study that compared the effects of iron sucrose versus sodium ferric gluconate on ferritin levels in patients receiving hemodialysis. A significant difference was found between the groups. This study was conducted in a large academic center in Denmark; the specialist practices at a small rural hospital in Minnesota. Which of the following information in the paper will be most important in determining whether the study's results can be applied to the specialist's practice?
A. Inclusion/exclusion criteria
B. Statistical analysis
C. Randomization methods
D. Internal validity
正解：A

質問 4：
Investigators studying the relative nephrotoxicity of two aminoglycosides selected their sample size to detect a reduction in toxicity of 10%. Which of the following is the power of this study if the probability of falsely rejecting the null hypothesis is 0.05 and the probability of falsely accepting the null hypothesis is 0.20?
A. 0.05
B. 0.95
C. 0.10
D. 0.80
正解：D

質問 5：
An oncology team that includes a pharmacotherapy specialist wishes to test the anecdotal observation that gabapentin reduces vincristine-induced neuropathic pain. Which of the following study designs would provide the best evidence for using gabapentin for this indication?
A. A nonrandomized, open-label study of patients receiving vincristine with or without concomitant gabapentin.
B. A case-control study of patients receiving Vincristine conducted in multiple centers.
C. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of gabapentin administered concomitantly with Vincristine.
D. A retrospective chart review using pharmacy records to determine which patients received Vincristine concomitantly with gabapentin.
正解：B

質問 6：
Which of the following sources is most likely to publish the current recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regarding the use of recombinant hepatitis B Vaccine?
A. Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics
B. Journal of Hepatology
C. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
D. Clinical Infectious Diseases
正解：A

質問 7：
A 75-year-old man with a medical history significant for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and erectile dysfunction returns for follow-up. He currently takes benazepril, glipizide, and sildenafil as needed. He is in the clinic today with symptoms of depression. The physician wants to start an antidepressant that will have a minimal effect on the patient's erectile dysfunction. Which of the following agents would be the best recommendation?
A. Venlafaxine
B. Bupropion
C. Desipramine
D. Fluoxetine
正解：D

質問 8：
When low molecular weight heparin is prescribed, in which of the following patient populations would monitoring anti-factor-Xa levels be reasonable to consider?
A. Past history of GI bleeding
B. Significant renal impairment
C. Anticardiolipin antibody syndrome
D. Protein C and Protein S deficiencies
正解：C

質問 9：
From ethical and scientific validity standpoints, in addition to double blinding, which of the following research designs is best for determining a new medication's relative efficacy in treating acute stroke?
A. Placebo-controlled, crossover design
B. Crossover design comparing the new therapy with the best standard therapy
C. Placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel design
D. Parallel design comparing the new therapy with the best standard therapy
正解：B

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